複製文本到剪貼板應該並不難，目前已經有很成熟的Flash 方法。但是Flash 已經在很多場合不適用了，特別是隨著HTML5 技術的發展。今天推薦的這個Clipboard.js 庫不依賴Flash，依賴於Selection 和execCommand API。execCommand 支持以下瀏覽器：Chrome瀏覽器42+，火狐41+，IE9+。

Why

Copying text to the clipboard shouldn’t be hard. It shouldn’t require dozens of steps to configure or hundreds of KBs to load. But most of all, it shouldn’t depend on Flash or any bloated framework.

That’s why clipboard.js exists.

Install

You can get it on npm.

npm install clipboard --save

Or if you’re not into package management, just download a ZIPfile.

Setup

First, include the script located on the dist folder or load it from a third-party CDN provider.

<script src="dist/clipboard.min.js"></script>

Now, you need to instantiate it by passing a DOM selector, HTML element, or list of HTML elements.

new ClipboardJS(’.btn’);

Internally, we need to fetch all elements that matches with your selector and attach event listeners for each one. But guess what? If you have hundreds of matches, this operation can consume a lot of memory.

For this reason we use event delegation which replaces multiple event listeners with just a single listener. After all, #perfmatters.

Usage

We’re living a declarative renaissance, that’s why we decided to take advantage of HTML5 data attributes for better usability.

Copy text from another element

A pretty common use case is to copy content from another element. You can do that by adding a data-clipboard-targetattribute in your trigger element.

The value you include on this attribute needs to match another’s element selector.

<!-- Target --> <input id="foo" value="https://github.com/zenorocha/clipboard.js.git">  <!-- Trigger --> <button class="btn" data-clipboard-target="#foo">     <img src="assets/clippy.svg" alt="Copy to clipboard"> </button>

Cut text from another element

Additionally, you can define a data-clipboard-action attribute to specify if you want to either copy or cut content.

If you omit this attribute, copy will be used by default.

<!-- Target --> <textarea id="bar">Mussum ipsum cacilds...</textarea>  <!-- Trigger --> <button class="btn" data-clipboard-action="cut" data-clipboard-target="#bar">     Cut to clipboard </button>

As you may expect, the cut action only works on <input> or <textarea> elements.

Copy text from attribute

Truth is, you don’t even need another element to copy its content from. You can just include a data-clipboard-text attribute in your trigger element.

<!-- Trigger --> <button class="btn" data-clipboard-text="Just because you can doesn’t mean you should — clipboard.js">     Copy to clipboard </button>

Events

There are cases where you’d like to show some user feedback or capture what has been selected after a copy/cut operation.

That’s why we fire custom events such as success and error for you to listen and implement your custom logic.

var clipboard = new ClipboardJS(’.btn’);  clipboard.on(’success’, function(e) {     console.info(’Action:’, e.action);     console.info(’Text:’, e.text);     console.info(’Trigger:’, e.trigger);      e.clearSelection(); });  clipboard.on(’error’, function(e) {     console.error(’Action:’, e.action);     console.error(’Trigger:’, e.trigger); });

For a live demonstration, just open your console :)

Tooltips

Each application has different design needs, that’s why clipboard.js does not include any CSS or built-in tooltip solution.

The tooltips you see on this demo site were built using GitHub’s Primer. You may want to check that out if you’re looking for a similar look and feel.

Advanced Usage

If you don’t want to modify your HTML, there’s a pretty handy imperative API for you to use. All you need to do is declare a function, do your thing, and return a value.

For instance, if you want to dynamically set a target, you’ll need to return a Node.

new ClipboardJS(’.btn’, {     target: function(trigger) {         return trigger.nextElementSibling;     } });

If you want to dynamically set a text, you’ll return a String.

new ClipboardJS(’.btn’, {     text: function(trigger) {         return trigger.getAttribute(’aria-label’);     } });

For use in Bootstrap Modals or with any other library that changes the focus you’ll want to set the focused element as the container value.

new ClipboardJS(’.btn’, {     container: document.getElementById(’modal’) });

Also, if you are working with single page apps, you may want to manage the lifecycle of the DOM more precisely. Here’s how you clean up the events and objects that we create.

var clipboard = new ClipboardJS(’.btn’); clipboard.destroy();

Browser Support

This library relies on both Selection and execCommand APIs. The first one is supported by all browsers while the second one is supported in the following browsers.

• 

  Chrome 42+

 
• 

  Edge 12+

 
• 

  Firefox 41+

 
• 

  IE 9+

 
• 

  Opera 29+

 
• 

  Safari 10+